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They range from less than 1 cm to several cm in diameter, but may extend dozens of metres in length.198.

Owing to their own wood-eating habits, many termite species can do significant harm to unprotected buildings and other wooden structures.199 Termites play an important role as decomposers of wood and vegetative material, and the conflict with humans happens where structures and landscapes containing structural timber components, cellulose derived structural materials and ornamental vegetation provide termites with a reliable supply of food and moisture.200;Their custom of remaining concealed often results in their presence being undetected until the timbers are severely damaged, leaving a thin layer of a wall that protects them from the environment.201 Of the 3,106 species known, only 183 species cause harm; 83 species cause significant damage to wooden structures.199 In North America, 18 subterranean species are pests202; in Australia, 16 species have an economic effect; in the Indian subcontinent 26 species are considered pests, and in tropical Africa, 24.

Dampwood termites only attack lumber material vulnerable to rainfall or soil.199.

Drywood termites thrive in warm climates, and human activities can enable them to invade homes since they can be transported through contaminated goods, containers and boats.199 Colonies of termites have been seen thriving in warm buildings situated in chilly regions.203 Some termites are considered invasive species. Cryptotermes brevis, the most widely introduced invasive termite species in the world, has been introduced into most of the islands in the West Indies and to Australia.37199.

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In addition to causing damage to buildings, termites can also damage food plants.204 Termites may attack trees whose resistance to damage is low but generally ignore fast-growing plants. Most attacks occur at harvest time; crops and trees have been attacked during the rainy season.204

The harm brought on by termites prices the southwestern United States roughly $1.5 billion each year in wood construction harm, but the true cost of damage worldwide cannot be determined.199205 Drywood termites are responsible for a huge proportion of the harm caused by termites.206 The aim of termite control is to maintain structures and susceptible ornamental plants free from termites.207; Structures may be homes or business, or elements like wooden fence posts and telephone poles.

Termite monitors made from wood or cellulose adjacent to a structure may also provide indication of termite foraging activity where it's going to be in conflict with humans. .

To better control the population of termites, various methods have been designed to monitor termite movements.205 One early method involved distributing termite bait laced with immunoglobulin G (IgG) marker proteins in rabbits or chickens. Termites gathered from the area could be tested for the rabbit-IgG markers using a rabbit-IgG-specific assay.

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Termites bearing these proteins can be traced using a protein-specific ELISA evaluation.205.

These flying alates were collected as they came from the nests in the ground during the first days of the rainy season.

43 termite species are used as food by humans or are fed to cows.208 These insects are particularly important in less developed countries where malnutrition is common, as the protein from termites can help improve the human diet. Termites are consumed in many regions worldwide, but this practice has only become popular in developed nations in recent years.208.

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Termites are consumed by people in many different cultures around the world. In Africa, the alates are an important factor in the diets of native populations.209 Tribes have different ways of collecting or cultivating insects; sometimes tribes collect soldiers out of several species. Though harder to get, these details queens are regarded as a delicacy.210 Termite alates are high in nutrition with adequate levels of fat and protein.

Alates are accumulated when the rainy season begins. During a nuptial flight, they are typically seen around lights on which they're attracted, and so nets are set on lamps and captured alates are later collected. The wings are eliminated via a technique that is comparable to winnowing. The best result comes when they're lightly roasted on a hot plate or fried until crisp.

Termites are generally eaten when livestock is lean and tribal crops have not yet grown or produced any food, or when food stocks from an earlier growing season are limited.209.

In addition to Africa, termites are consumed in tribal or local regions in Asia and North and South America. In Australia, Indigenous Australians are aware that termites are edible but do not consume them even in times of scarcity; there aren't many explanations as to why.209210 Termite mounds are the main resources of soil consumption (geophagy) in many countries including Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa.211212213214 Researchers have indicated that termites are suitable candidates for human consumption and space agriculture, since they are high in protein and can be used to convert inedible waste into consumable products for humans.215.